Sexual Reproduction

Female



Oogenesis- The development of mature ova



Oogonia- Cells that develop into ova

• Multiply and begin meiosis


• STOP at prophase 1 of meiosis 1


• These egg cells are called primary oocytes which are quiescent until puberty
  

Humans and other primates have menstrual cycles while other mammals have estrous cycles. Menstruation occurs when the endometrium is shed from the uterus through tyhe cervix and vagina

Menstrual Flow Phase- Phase during which menstrual bleeding occurs.

Proliferative Phase- The endometrium begins to regenerate and thicken

Secretory Phase- Endometrium continues to thicken, and if an embryo has not implanted in the lining by the end of this phase, menstrual flow occurs.

Ovarian Cycle: This parallels the menstrual flow cycle, begins with follecular phase, in which several follicles begin to grow. At the end of the follecular phase, ovulation occurs, during which the secondary oocyte is released from the ovary.

QUIZ

1. Ovulation is the follicular response to a burst of secretion of

1. Prolactin
2. LH
3. Estradiol
4. Pregesterone
5. Inhibin

2. Fertilization normally

1. Reinstates diploidy
2. Precedes ovulation
3. Merges two diploid cells into one haploid cell
4. follows gastrulation
5. Is required for parthenogenesis

3. The sequence of developmental milestones proceeds as follows:

1. Cleavage --> Blastula --> Gastrula --> Morula
2. Morula --> Cleavage --> Gastrula --> Blastula
3. Gastrula --> Morula --> Blastula --> Cleavage
4. Cleavage --> Gastrula -->Morula --> Blastula
5. Cleavage --> Morula --> Blastula --> Gastrula

4. At the time of implantation, the human embryo is called a

1. Gastrula
2. Somite
3. Zygote
4. Blastocyst
5. Fetus

Answers: 2, 1, 5, 4